Questão de Língua Inglesa

Text 22A1-I

1 Philosophers of education are interested in analyzing
and clarifying concepts and questions central to education:
What should be the aims or purposes of education? Who
4 should be educated? Should education differ according to
natural interests and abilities? What role should the state play
in education? All of these questions are still asked today. In
7 fact, every society must answer them, not once and for all time
but as well and conscientiously as it can for the benefit of its
people and the future of the Earth. In every age, the questions
10 have elicited better and worse responses, and thoughtful people
continue to examine the old responses in order to generate new
ones induced by changing conditions.
13 The philosopher Plato, for instance, believed that
students should be educated according to their capacities —
they should not all have exactly the same education. In this
16 century, the great American philosopher John Dewey spoke
with some admiration of Plato’s astute observation that
education should be tailored to the child. However, he faulted
19 Plato for supposing that human beings necessarily fall into
exactly three categories. Dewey wanted education to be fitted
to each individual child. Further, Dewey rejected hierarchical
22 categories of educational programs. Unlike Plato, he would not
label one category better or higher than another.
Nel Noddings. Philosophy of education. New York: Routledge, 2018 (adapted).