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Texto associado
Read the text to answer question. Stephen R. Covey (2017) once explained the importance of priorities by using an experience he had in a business class. He stated that a professor stood in front of a group of students and set a large canning jar in front of them. He filled it to the top with rocks and asked the students if it was full. They responded yes. Then he took out a bucket of sand and filled the jar again, and students watched as the sand poured inside the spaces between the large rocks. The professor asked again if the jar was full. This time students hesitated, and with good reason. The professor proceeded to fill the jar with a pitcher of water, after which he asked the students to explain the purpose behind this visual demonstration. After several incorrect responses, (including something along the lines of. There is always room for more stuff in your life), the professor gave his answer, which amounts to this: Unless you put the rocks in first, they will never fit into the jar. This story demonstrates the principle of prioritizing, of knowing what matters most and what matters least, and that what matters most must be placed in the first position. No doubt, this is a very relevant way to analyze your own ecosystem 1 . As you move forward in developing a lifestyle that incorporates language learning, you must constantly reflect on whether or not you have prioritized your tasks well. If you imagine your ecosystem as the canning jar, and your language tasks as items that fill up the jar, you can see how making the right decisions will increase your chances of not only enjoying the learning process but making it more successful. Always remember that it is not just “doing a lot of language stuff” that will bring you success but rather that by putting priorities in their place, language learning can happen on its own. Let’s talk about how to prioritize language learning tasks by using the metaphor of the canning jar itself and discuss two concepts: fixed and fluid. (Dixon, Shane. The language learner guidebook: powerful tools to help you conquer any language. [S.l.]: Wayzgoose, 2018. Adaptado) 1 A language ecosystem describes a holistic environment that encourages and extends the learning and application of language beyond the classroom through a diverse system of tasks and incentives.

In the fragment from the text “ As you move forward in developing a lifestyle that incorporates language learning”, the word in bold may be replaced with no change in meaning or structure by:

A Though.
B Because.
C Since.
D When.
E If.
Texto associado
Read the text to answer question. Stephen R. Covey (2017) once explained the importance of priorities by using an experience he had in a business class. He stated that a professor stood in front of a group of students and set a large canning jar in front of them. He filled it to the top with rocks and asked the students if it was full. They responded yes. Then he took out a bucket of sand and filled the jar again, and students watched as the sand poured inside the spaces between the large rocks. The professor asked again if the jar was full. This time students hesitated, and with good reason. The professor proceeded to fill the jar with a pitcher of water, after which he asked the students to explain the purpose behind this visual demonstration. After several incorrect responses, (including something along the lines of. There is always room for more stuff in your life), the professor gave his answer, which amounts to this: Unless you put the rocks in first, they will never fit into the jar. This story demonstrates the principle of prioritizing, of knowing what matters most and what matters least, and that what matters most must be placed in the first position. No doubt, this is a very relevant way to analyze your own ecosystem 1 . As you move forward in developing a lifestyle that incorporates language learning, you must constantly reflect on whether or not you have prioritized your tasks well. If you imagine your ecosystem as the canning jar, and your language tasks as items that fill up the jar, you can see how making the right decisions will increase your chances of not only enjoying the learning process but making it more successful. Always remember that it is not just “doing a lot of language stuff” that will bring you success but rather that by putting priorities in their place, language learning can happen on its own. Let’s talk about how to prioritize language learning tasks by using the metaphor of the canning jar itself and discuss two concepts: fixed and fluid. (Dixon, Shane. The language learner guidebook: powerful tools to help you conquer any language. [S.l.]: Wayzgoose, 2018. Adaptado) 1 A language ecosystem describes a holistic environment that encourages and extends the learning and application of language beyond the classroom through a diverse system of tasks and incentives.

A palavra anecdote é um falso cognato entre inglês e português. Uma palavra que também é um falso cognato no contexto desse texto é:

A responded (par.1)
B large (par.1)
C spaces (par.1)
D principles (par.2)
E decisions (par.3)

Según Kulikowski y Gónzález

( 1999 ), uno de los primeros desafíos con que se encuentran los profesores de español es la imagen inicial que el alumno brasileño suele tener de que se trata de una lengua que

A resulta muy fácil de aprender debido a las semejanzas que presenta con el portugués.
B presenta diferencias léxicas considerables cuando se compara con el portugués.
C se aprende con mediano esfuerzo cuando el contexto de uso de la lengua se vincula a sus experiencias personales.
D requiere de prácticas orales intensas que se pueden apoyar en el uso de videos y películas.
E debiera estudiarse preferentemente en la infancia, debido a la complejidad de su sistema fonético.

El enunciado que expresa una condición sobre algo que el hablante considera improbable y temido es:

A A pesar de la de veces que lo he intentado, no me resulta’.
B Aunque se lo he repetido tanto, aún no me hace caso’.
C Como no limpies tu pieza, vamos a tener que hablar.
D Lo que pasa es que les tengo fobia a las alturas’.
E Como camina tanto ha desarrollado mucha resistencia’.

En la comparación de los enunciados “Me regalaron un libro / Eu ganhei um livro”, Kulikowski y Gónzález

( 1999 ) mencionan que

A en ambos enunciados la sintaxis está regulada por el genitivo.
B en el enunciado en portugués falta indicar quién regaló el libro.
C en español el acusativo ‘’un libro’’ debería ir con preposición.
D los verbos “regalar” y “ganar” se pueden usar indistintamente en español.
E en español se destaca el dativo mientras en portugués el nominativo.

En el enunciado “Lo interesante del caso es que ni siquiera se quejó” (Matte Bon, 2012), el artículo neutro “lo” sirve para

A indicar la existencia de complemento directo.
B demostrar la conmutabilidad con el artículo “el”.
C señalar la ocurrencia posterior de complemento indirecto.
D sustantivar el adjetivo “interesante”.
E duplicar el objeto directo.

El enunciado “Cuando viaja, siempre me llama nada más llegar al hotel” se puede reformular de forma gramaticalmente correcta, manteniendo el sentido original, como:

A Llegó al hotel, así es que me llamará cuando viaje.
B Mientras llega al hotel me llama cuando viaja.
C Cada vez que viaja me llama del hotel apenas llega.
D Me llamará del hotel, siempre y cuando viaje.
E Desde el hotel me llama a medida que viaja.

Ante la cuestión del predominio de una variante determinada en los textos de enseñanza de español, Eres Fernández

( 2001 ) señala que

A es algo que debe preservarse pues siempre hay una variante que es más importante que otras.
B es un problema común con otras lenguas cuya solución depende de normativas estatales.
C se trata de una situación que no debiera preocupar al profesor, puesto que le cabe al alumno informarse de otras variantes.
D esto está lejos de ser un problema, puesto que el profesor puede presentar otras variantes con textos de lectura, vídeos, etc.
E si el profesor desea incorporar otras variantes comprobará que esta tarea le demandará un esfuerzo enorme.