Questões para Concursos

Atenção : Para responder às questões de números 41 e 42, considere o texto abaixo.

FDA clears first diagnostic radiology app, Mobile MIM
By Brian Dolan
February 04, 2011

Mobile MIM was one of the very first medical applications to debut in Apple's AppStore when it first launched in 2008, but the application also has the distinction of being the first medical application pulled from the store because of regulatory concerns. Today those concerns are over: The US Food and Drug Administration has officially granted the mobile radiology application a 510(k) clearance.
“The application is the first cleared by the FDA for viewing images and making medical diagnoses based on computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear medicine technology, such as positron emission tomography (PET)," the FDA stated in a press release this morning. "It is not intended to replace full workstations and is indicated for use only when there is no access to a workstation.”
MIM's experience is one of the few public accounts of the nuances of FDA regulation of mobile health services. The clearance some two and a half years later of an app that originally launched with Apple's AppStore is surely a milestone for mobile health.

(Adapted from https://www.mobihealthnews.com )

Atenção : Para responder às questões de números 39 e 40, considere o texto abaixo.

Social Security serves as one of the leading federal agencies in health IT.

We request close to 15 million medical records from almost 500,000 health providers to make decisions on about three million disability claims annually. This makes us one of the largest disability programs in the world. Since 2008, Social Security is leading an initiative to enable the electronic exchange of health information to improve the disability determination process.
The goal of health IT is to reduce the burden on health care providers and offer applicants faster and more consistent disability decisions. Our team has experience in electronic health records exchange. We actively attend leading conferences and knowledge exchange events on health IT. In addition, we continually evaluate our processes to adapt to changes in the field.
eHealth Exchange
The eHealth Exchange is a group of federal agencies and non-federal organizations that came together under a common mission and purpose to improve patient care, streamline disability benefit claims, and improve public health reporting through secure, trusted, and interoperable health information exchange.
(Adapted from https://www.ssa.gov )

Atenção : Para responder às questões de números 41 e 42, baseie-se no texto abaixo.

Impact of Point-of-Care Technologies on Healthcare
by Impelsys Admin | Apr 25, 2019

Point-of-Care Technologies is a set of technologies used at the location of patient care helping improve healthcare outcomes. Blood glucose monitors, urine dipsticks, pregnancy tests, rapid strep tests, rapid HIV tests, hemoglobin level tests are common examples of PoCT. In the past few years PoCT have advanced and the field is showing strong growth, as evidenced by new clinical or consumer products research and development directions. The widespread use of this set of technologies is driven by healthcare emphasis shifting towards greater healthcare awareness, precision treatment, optimization of patient management process, and chronic disease management − combined with advances in electronic devices and information technology.
Point-of-care technologies add to the effectiveness and efficiency in healthcare delivery. PoC devices provide critical information to clinicians assisting in the management of patient care. Point-of-care technology enables diagnosis at home, in the hospital, in an ambulance, or in the field; it effectively delivers high quality of life care at the patient’s bedside, or in the corner of a consulting room, doing away with procedures that require an entire laboratory and long hours to arrive at a proper diagnosis.
Point-of-Care procedures involve faster and leaner processes as testing is done on bedside and fewer steps are necessary to produce the result.
These are some of the advantages of PoCT:
− They eliminate the need for processing and aliquoting, transporting the specimen to the laboratory, and communicating
results back to the clinical staff.
− Faster access to test results allows for rapid clinical decision making, enabling more appropriate treatments and
interventions.
− They require smaller sample volumes than those needed for traditional laboratory testing.
− They can also help reduce the frequency of testing errors like inappropriate sampling errors, errors during preparation or
packaging of samples, and patient misidentification.
− The fact that PoCT is often performed by the individual providing care to the patient may help decrease post analyticalerrors due to incorrect transmission of test results.

(Adapted from: www.impelsys.com )

Atenção: Para responder às questões de números 39 e 40, baseie-se no texto abaixo.

Mobile Devices and Apps for Health Care Professionals: Uses and Benefits
C. Lee Ventola

The use of mobile devices by health care professionals (HCPs) has transformed many aspects of clinical practice. Mobile devices have become commonplace in health care settings, leading to rapid growth in the development of medical software applications (apps) for these platforms. Numerous apps are now available to assist HCPs with many important tasks, such as: information and time management; health record maintenance and access; communications and consulting; reference and information gathering; patient management and monitoring; clinical decision-making; and medical education and training.
Mobile devices and apps provide many benefits for health care professionals (HCPs), perhaps most significantly increased access to point-of-care tools, which has been shown to support better clinical decision-making and improved patient outcomes. However, some HCPs remain reluctant to adopt their use. Despite the benefits they offer, better standards and validation practices regarding mobile medical apps need to be established to ensure the proper use and integration of these increasingly sophisticated tools into medical practice. These measures will raise the barrier for entry into the medical app market, increasing the quality and safety of the apps currently available for use by HCPs.

(Adapted from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov )

Revolution Accelerated

How Digital Transformation is Shaping the Future of Banking

1 Like all businesses, banks have had to act fast to respond to the unprecedented human and economic impact of Covid-19.
2 First, they needed to keep the lights on and ensure business continuity. Second, they had to meet the changing ways customers wanted to engage. Finally, they sought to balance their business priorities with a responsibility to support society. Previous crises cast the banks as part of the problem — this time they are part of the solution.
3 Banks who have embraced modern banking technology have fared better in meeting these challenges. They’ve moved seamlessly to remote working, kept up service for their customers, coped with huge increases in demand and quickly adapted their products. In contrast, banks using legacy ‘spaghetti’ software have struggled.
4 Covid-19 has accelerated the need for modern banking technology, but it didn’t create it. Before coronavirus, the 2020s were already being framed as the decade for digital in the banking industry. Banks’ return on equity were too low and their cost-income ratios were too high. Meanwhile, regulation like open banking was disrupting the industry and increasing competition from new entrants like the GAAFAs (Google, Amazon, Alibaba, Facebook, Apple).
5 Providing seamless digital customer experiences was therefore already a ‘must’. Every year, Temenos partners with the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) for a global study on the future of banking. More than 300 banking leaders are interviewed from retail, commercial and private banks. Over half of these are at C-suite level.
6 In 2020, the study took place amid the Covid-19 crisis. The results give a fascinating insight into banking leaders’ approach during these unprecedented times. But they also show how they see their industry in the years to come.
7 And the findings suggest three trends which will shape the future of banking:
New technologies will be the key driver of banking transformation over the next 5 years. 77% of respondents strongly believed that Artificial Intelligence (AI) will be the most game-changing of these technologies. They see a diverse range of uses for AI — from personalised customer experience to fraud detection.
Banks will overhaul their business models to create digital ecosystems. 80% of respondents believe that banking will become part of a platform of services. 45% are committed to transforming their business models into digital ecosystems.
The sun will set on branch banking. World Bank data shows that visits to branches have been steadily declining globally over the last decade. As a result of coronavirus, customers are now more concerned about visiting their branch, and so even more people are willing to try digital applications. This combination of pandemic and increasingly transformative advanced technology has led a majority of respondents (59%) to our survey with the EIU to state that traditional branch-based banking model will be dead in just five years. That’s a 34% increase from last year.
8 The current environment is undoubtedly challenging for banks. But they have the capital, customer relationships and customer data. They are regulated. And most importantly: they still enjoy their customers’ trust.
9 In short, banks are best-placed to succeed if they commit to end-to-end digital transformation. That means a fully digital front office which creates hyper-personalized experiences and ecosystems. And a back office driving efficient operations and rapid innovation. By embracing modern banking technology, banks can support their customers today, create new value for the future and drive new levels of future growth.

Available at: . Retrieved on: July 13th, 2021. Adapted.

COVID-19 Economy: Expert insights on what you need to know

1 As we practice social distancing and businesses
struggle to adapt, it’s no secret the unique challenges
of Covid-19 are profoundly shaping our economic
climate. U.S. Bank financial industry and regulatory
affairs expert Robert Schell explains what you need
to know in this uncertain time.
• Don’t panic while things are “on pause”
2 Imagine clicking the pause button on your favorite
TV show. Whether you stopped to make dinner or put
kids to bed, hitting pause gives you time to tackle what
matters most. Today’s economy is similar. While we
prioritize health and safety, typical activities like driving
to work, eating at restaurants, traveling and attending
sporting events are on hold. This widespread social
distancing takes a toll on our economy, putting strain
on businesses and individuals alike.
3 Keep your financial habits as normal as possible
during this time. Make online purchases, order
takeout, pay bills and buy groceries. These everyday
purchases put money back into the economy and
prevent it from dipping further into a recession.
• Low interest rates could help make ends meet
4 In March, the Federal Reserve cut rates drastically
to boost economic activity and make borrowing more
affordable. For you, this means interest rates are low
for credit cards, loans and lines of credit, and even
fixed-rate mortgages. Consider taking advantage of
these low rates if you need extra help paying your
bills, keeping your business running or withstanding a
period of unemployment.
• Spend on small businesses
5 Looking to make a positive impact? Supporting
small businesses is an easy and powerful way to help.
You can order takeout, tip generously or donate to
your local brick-and-mortar retail store, if they provide
that option. Your support makes a big impact for
struggling business owners.
• Prior economic strength may help us bounce
back
6 The thriving economy of 2019 isn’t just a distant,
bittersweet memory. When our health is no longer
at risk and social distancing mandates begin to
diminish, we’ll slowly start to rebuild. The stability,
low unemployment rate and upward-trending market
we experienced prior to Covid-19 puts us in a good
position to kick-start economic activity and rebound
more quickly.

Available at . Retrieved on: Jul. 20, 2021. Adapted.

Robots, the next generation of soccer players

1 ____ If you think a robot will steal your job, you are not
alone. Soccer players should be worried too. The next
Messi probably won’t be of flesh and blood but plastic
and metal.
2 ____ The concept emerged during the conference
“Workshop on grand challenges in artificial
intelligence,” held in Tokyo in 1992, and independently,
in 1993, when Professor Alan Mackworth from
the University of Bristol in Canada described an
experiment with small soccer players in a scientific
article.
3 ____ Over 40 teams already participated in the first
RoboCup tournament in 1997, and the competition is
held every year. The RoboCup Federation wants to
play and win a game against a real-world cup humans’
team by 2050.
4 ____ The idea behind artificially intelligent players
is to investigate how robots perceive motion and
communicate with each other. Physical abilities like
walking, running, and kicking the ball while maintaining
balance are crucial to improving robots for other tasks
like rescue, home, industry, and education.
5 ____ Designing robots for sports requires much more
than experts in state-of-the-art technology. Humans
and machines do not share the same skills. Engineers
need to impose limitations on soccer robots to imitate
soccer players as much as possible and ensure
following the game’s rules.
6 ____ RoboCup Soccer Federation, the “FIFA” of robots,
which supports five leagues, imposes restrictions
on players’ design and rules of the game. Each has
its own robot design and game rules to give room
for different scientific goals. The number of players,
their size, the ball type, and the field dimensions are
different for each league.
7 ____ In the humanoid league the players are human-
like robots with human-like senses. However, they are
rather slow. Many of the skills needed to fully recreate
actual soccer player movements are still in the early
stages of research.
8 ____ The game becomes exciting for middle and small
size leagues. The models are much simpler; they
are just boxes with a cyclopean eye. Their design
focuses on team behavior: recognizing an opponent,
cooperating with team members, receiving and giving
a standard FIFA size ball.
9 ____ Today, soccer robots are entirely autonomous.
They wireless “talk” to each other, make decisions
regarding strategy in real-time, replace an “injured”
player, and shoot goals. The only person in a
RoboCup game is the referee. The team coaches
are engineers in charge of training the RoboCups’
artificial intelligence for fair play: the robots don’t
smash against each other or pull their shirts.
10 ____ The next RoboCup competition will soon be
played, virtually, with rules that will allow teams to
participate without establishing physical contact.

Available at: . Retrieved on: July 4th, 2021. Adapted.

Robots, the next generation of soccer players

1 ____ If you think a robot will steal your job, you are not
alone. Soccer players should be worried too. The next
Messi probably won’t be of flesh and blood but plastic
and metal.
2 ____ The concept emerged during the conference
“Workshop on grand challenges in artificial
intelligence,” held in Tokyo in 1992, and independently,
in 1993, when Professor Alan Mackworth from
the University of Bristol in Canada described an
experiment with small soccer players in a scientific
article.
3 ____ Over 40 teams already participated in the first
RoboCup tournament in 1997, and the competition is
held every year. The RoboCup Federation wants to
play and win a game against a real-world cup humans’
team by 2050.
4 ____ The idea behind artificially intelligent players
is to investigate how robots perceive motion and
communicate with each other. Physical abilities like
walking, running, and kicking the ball while maintaining
balance are crucial to improving robots for other tasks
like rescue, home, industry, and education.
5 ____ Designing robots for sports requires much more
than experts in state-of-the-art technology. Humans
and machines do not share the same skills. Engineers
need to impose limitations on soccer robots to imitate
soccer players as much as possible and ensure
following the game’s rules.
6 ____ RoboCup Soccer Federation, the “FIFA” of robots,
which supports five leagues, imposes restrictions
on players’ design and rules of the game. Each has
its own robot design and game rules to give room
for different scientific goals. The number of players,
their size, the ball type, and the field dimensions are
different for each league.
7 ____ In the humanoid league the players are human-
like robots with human-like senses. However, they are
rather slow. Many of the skills needed to fully recreate
actual soccer player movements are still in the early
stages of research.
8 ____ The game becomes exciting for middle and small
size leagues. The models are much simpler; they
are just boxes with a cyclopean eye. Their design
focuses on team behavior: recognizing an opponent,
cooperating with team members, receiving and giving
a standard FIFA size ball.
9 ____ Today, soccer robots are entirely autonomous.
They wireless “talk” to each other, make decisions
regarding strategy in real-time, replace an “injured”
player, and shoot goals. The only person in a
RoboCup game is the referee. The team coaches
are engineers in charge of training the RoboCups’
artificial intelligence for fair play: the robots don’t
smash against each other or pull their shirts.
10 ____ The next RoboCup competition will soon be
played, virtually, with rules that will allow teams to
participate without establishing physical contact.

Available at: . Retrieved on: July 4th, 2021. Adapted.

U.S. Finds No Evidence of Alien Technology
in Flying Objects, but can’t rule it out, either

1 WASHINGTON — American intelligence officials have found no evidence that aerial phenomena observed by Navy pilots in recent years are alien spacecraft, but they still cannot explain the unusual movements that have mystified scientists and the military.
2 The report determines that a vast majority of more than 120 incidents over the past two decades did not originate from any American military or other advanced US government technology, the officials said. That determination would appear to eliminate the possibility that Navy pilots who reported seeing unexplained aircraft might have encountered programs the government meant to keep secret.
3 But that is about the only conclusive finding in the classified intelligence report, the officials said. And while a forthcoming unclassified version, expected to be released to Congress by June 25, will present few other firm conclusions, senior officials briefed on the intelligence conceded that the very ambiguity of the findings meant the government could not definitively rule out theories that the phenomena observed by military pilots might be alien spacecraft.
4 Americans’ long-running fascination with UFOs has intensified in recent weeks in anticipation of the release of the government report. Former President Barack Obama encouraged the interest when he gave an interview last month about the incidents on “The Late Late Show with James Corden” on CBS.
5 “What is true, and I’m really being serious here,” Mr. Obama said, “is that there is film and records of objects in the skies that we don’t know exactly what they are.’’
6 The report concedes that much about the observed phenomena remains difficult to explain, including their acceleration, as well as ability to change direction and submerge. One possible explanation — that the phenomena could be weather balloons or other research balloons — does not hold up in all cases, the officials said, because of changes in wind speed at the times of some of the interactions.
7 Many of the more than 120 incidents examined in the report are from Navy personnel, officials said. The report also examined incidents involving foreign militaries over the last two decades. Intelligence officials believe that at least some of the aerial phenomena could have been experimental technology from a rival power, most likely Russia or China.
8 One senior official said without hesitation that U.S. officials knew it was not American technology. He said there was worry among intelligence and military officials that China or Russia could be experimenting with hypersonic technology.
9 He and other officials spoke about the classified findings in the report on the condition of anonymity.

Available at:
ufos-sighting-alien-spacecraft-pentagon.html>. Retrieved on:
July 7, 2021.

U.S. Finds No Evidence of Alien Technology
in Flying Objects, but can’t rule it out, either

1 WASHINGTON — American intelligence officials have found no evidence that aerial phenomena observed by Navy pilots in recent years are alien spacecraft, but they still cannot explain the unusual movements that have mystified scientists and the military.
2 The report determines that a vast majority of more than 120 incidents over the past two decades did not originate from any American military or other advanced US government technology, the officials said. That determination would appear to eliminate the possibility that Navy pilots who reported seeing unexplained aircraft might have encountered programs the government meant to keep secret.
3 But that is about the only conclusive finding in the classified intelligence report, the officials said. And while a forthcoming unclassified version, expected to be released to Congress by June 25, will present few other firm conclusions, senior officials briefed on the intelligence conceded that the very ambiguity of the findings meant the government could not definitively rule out theories that the phenomena observed by military pilots might be alien spacecraft.
4 Americans’ long-running fascination with UFOs has intensified in recent weeks in anticipation of the release of the government report. Former President Barack Obama encouraged the interest when he gave an interview last month about the incidents on “The Late Late Show with James Corden” on CBS.
5 “What is true, and I’m really being serious here,” Mr. Obama said, “is that there is film and records of objects in the skies that we don’t know exactly what they are.’’
6 The report concedes that much about the observed phenomena remains difficult to explain, including their acceleration, as well as ability to change direction and submerge. One possible explanation — that the phenomena could be weather balloons or other research balloons — does not hold up in all cases, the officials said, because of changes in wind speed at the times of some of the interactions.
7 Many of the more than 120 incidents examined in the report are from Navy personnel, officials said. The report also examined incidents involving foreign militaries over the last two decades. Intelligence officials believe that at least some of the aerial phenomena could have been experimental technology from a rival power, most likely Russia or China.
8 One senior official said without hesitation that U.S. officials knew it was not American technology. He said there was worry among intelligence and military officials that China or Russia could be experimenting with hypersonic technology.
9 He and other officials spoke about the classified findings in the report on the condition of anonymity.

Available at:
ufos-sighting-alien-spacecraft-pentagon.html>. Retrieved on:
July 7, 2021.