Use Text V to answer questions 26 to 32.
Text V
Literacy as a Multidimensional Concept
An emphasis on the development of literacy as a fluid concept (Knobel and Lankshear, 2014) is one of the most recent advances in twenty-first-century education. To conceptualize literacy, the ability of the learner to make use of language takes precedence in typical Western educational systems. However, as Kern highlights, “literacy is more than a set of academic skills” (2000, 23). It varies depending on the social context and is embedded in cultural practice (Paesani et al. 2016).
Therefore, in order to define it, we must take into consideration the set of resources, sociocultural practices and competences––beyond reading and writing––that enable student interaction, critical thinking, the drawing of conclusions and the application of knowledge to curricular areas and real-world situations (New London Group 1996; Kern 2000; American Association of School Librarians (AASL) 2011; Cooper et al. 2012; Kucer 2014; Paesani et al. 2016; Reyes-Torres 2018; Warner and Dupuy 2018). As such, the multimodal training approach that we propose for the FL class stems from Kern’s notion of literacy, first, “as a process of creating and transforming knowledge” (2000, 29), and second, “as a matter of engaging in the ever-developing process of using reading and writing as tools for thinking and learning, in order to expand one’s understanding of oneself and the world” (40). This involves paying careful attention to language, while also developing a critical awareness of the relationships between texts, images, discourse conventions and sociocultural and digital contexts.
In sum, and in consonance with Kern and other scholars such as the NLG (1996), Steve Kucer (2014), Maria Brisk (2015), Paesani et al. (2016) and Shari Tishman (2018), we define literacy as a dynamic and multidimensional concept whose main aim is to provide twenty-first-century learners with the language skills, visual thinking strategies and dialogic attitudes that are necessary to develop the knowledge that allows them to grasp and evaluate information, organize ideas, exchange perspectives, construct meaning and reflect critically on a variety of sociocultural contexts. In order to foster such a multidimensional approach to literacy in EFL and implement it as an organizing principle (Kress 2010; Serafini 2014), it is necessary that teachers become acquainted with the three dimensions that both Kern (2000) and Kucer (2014) acknowledge as the key components: a) cognitive; b) conceptual; and c) sociocultural.
These dimensions constitute a field of forces that complement one another and are equally important in the process of both teaching and learning, and they also illustrate the multiple facets and fluid nature of literacy.
Adapted from: FERNÁNDEZ, Teresa; REYES-TORRES, Agustín; FERNÁNDEZ, Pilar. A multimodal approach to foster the multiliteracies pedagogy in the English as a Foreign Language context. ATLANTIS: Journal of the Spanish Association of Anglo-American Studies, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 94–119, 2020. Available at: https://www.atlantisjournal.org/index.php/atlantis/article/view/741. Accessed on: Mar. 21, 2025.
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A linguagem digital trouxe novas formas de produção, circulação e leitura de textos. No ciberespaço, o hipertexto se consolida como um dos principais modelos de organização textual da contemporaneidade, exigindo do leitor novas competências interpretativas e de navegação. Considerando as características do hipertexto na linguagem digital, analise as assertivas e assinale a alternativa que aponta as corretas.
As tirinhas, em geral, são recursos didáticos bastante acessíveis, que aliam linguagem verbal e visual, favorecendo a compreensão e a produção textual. De acordo com Bakhtin (1997), esse tipo de texto evidencia uma relação dialógica, na qual os interlocutores, mediados pela linguagem, constroem sentidos de forma compartilhada, participando ativamente do processo comunicativo. A respeito desse assunto, analise as assertivas e assinale a alternativa que aponta a(s) correta(s).
I. Por apresentarem uma linguagem predominantemente informal e temática cotidiana, as tirinhas não exigem do leitor habilidades de análise textual ou inferência de sentidos, sendo apropriadas, por isso, apenas para o ensino em níveis iniciais de escolarização.
II. A presença do humor nas tirinhas pode funcionar como estratégia discursiva para provocar reflexão sobre questões sociais e culturais.
III. As tirinhas podem ser utilizadas como ferramenta pedagógica para desenvolver competências linguísticas e interpretativas, por sua capacidade de integrar diferentes linguagens e aproximar-se da realidade dos estudantes/interlocutores.
IV. A relação dialógica presente nas tirinhas, conforme propõe Bakhtin, permite que esse gênero seja trabalhado como instrumento de reflexão sobre linguagem, ideologia e interação social.
V. O gênero tirinha pode ser considerado multimodal, uma vez que integra, de forma articulada, elementos verbais (como diálogos e demais textos escritos) e não verbais (como imagens e expressões faciais dos personagens), exigindo do leitor a mobilização de diferentes habilidades interpretativas para a construção do sentido.
Texto associado
Contextual clues such as definitions, examples, modifiers, relocation, parallel structures, connectors, and the repetition of keywords play a vital role in enhancing the flow and clarity of academic texts. In the Text V, the term 'however', present in the following excerpt, is used as one of these contextual clues. About it, select the correct alternative.
“An emphasis on the development of literacy as a fluid concept (Knobel and Lankshear (2014) is one of the most recent advances in twenty-first-century education. To conceptualize literacy, the ability of the learner to make use of language takes precedence in typical Western educational systems. However , as Kern highlights, “literacy is more than a set of academic skills” (2000, 23). It varies depending on the social context and is embedded in cultural practice (Paesani et al. 2016).”
Texto associado
Use Text V to answer questions 26 to 32.
Text V
Literacy as a Multidimensional Concept
An emphasis on the development of literacy as a fluid concept (Knobel and Lankshear, 2014) is one of the most recent advances in twenty-first-century education. To conceptualize literacy, the ability of the learner to make use of language takes precedence in typical Western educational systems. However, as Kern highlights, “literacy is more than a set of academic skills” (2000, 23). It varies depending on the social context and is embedded in cultural practice (Paesani et al. 2016).
Therefore, in order to define it, we must take into consideration the set of resources, sociocultural practices and competences––beyond reading and writing––that enable student interaction, critical thinking, the drawing of conclusions and the application of knowledge to curricular areas and real-world situations (New London Group 1996; Kern 2000; American Association of School Librarians (AASL) 2011; Cooper et al. 2012; Kucer 2014; Paesani et al. 2016; Reyes-Torres 2018; Warner and Dupuy 2018). As such, the multimodal training approach that we propose for the FL class stems from Kern’s notion of literacy, first, “as a process of creating and transforming knowledge” (2000, 29), and second, “as a matter of engaging in the ever-developing process of using reading and writing as tools for thinking and learning, in order to expand one’s understanding of oneself and the world” (40). This involves paying careful attention to language, while also developing a critical awareness of the relationships between texts, images, discourse conventions and sociocultural and digital contexts.
In sum, and in consonance with Kern and other scholars such as the NLG (1996), Steve Kucer (2014), Maria Brisk (2015), Paesani et al. (2016) and Shari Tishman (2018), we define literacy as a dynamic and multidimensional concept whose main aim is to provide twenty-first-century learners with the language skills, visual thinking strategies and dialogic attitudes that are necessary to develop the knowledge that allows them to grasp and evaluate information, organize ideas, exchange perspectives, construct meaning and reflect critically on a variety of sociocultural contexts. In order to foster such a multidimensional approach to literacy in EFL and implement it as an organizing principle (Kress 2010; Serafini 2014), it is necessary that teachers become acquainted with the three dimensions that both Kern (2000) and Kucer (2014) acknowledge as the key components: a) cognitive; b) conceptual; and c) sociocultural.
These dimensions constitute a field of forces that complement one another and are equally important in the process of both teaching and learning, and they also illustrate the multiple facets and fluid nature of literacy.
Adapted from: FERNÁNDEZ, Teresa; REYES-TORRES, Agustín; FERNÁNDEZ, Pilar. A multimodal approach to foster the multiliteracies pedagogy in the English as a Foreign Language context. ATLANTIS: Journal of the Spanish Association of Anglo-American Studies, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 94–119, 2020. Available at: https://www.atlantisjournal.org/index.php/atlantis/article/view/741. Accessed on: Mar. 21, 2025.
Text V
Literacy as a Multidimensional Concept
An emphasis on the development of literacy as a fluid concept (Knobel and Lankshear, 2014) is one of the most recent advances in twenty-first-century education. To conceptualize literacy, the ability of the learner to make use of language takes precedence in typical Western educational systems. However, as Kern highlights, “literacy is more than a set of academic skills” (2000, 23). It varies depending on the social context and is embedded in cultural practice (Paesani et al. 2016).
Therefore, in order to define it, we must take into consideration the set of resources, sociocultural practices and competences––beyond reading and writing––that enable student interaction, critical thinking, the drawing of conclusions and the application of knowledge to curricular areas and real-world situations (New London Group 1996; Kern 2000; American Association of School Librarians (AASL) 2011; Cooper et al. 2012; Kucer 2014; Paesani et al. 2016; Reyes-Torres 2018; Warner and Dupuy 2018). As such, the multimodal training approach that we propose for the FL class stems from Kern’s notion of literacy, first, “as a process of creating and transforming knowledge” (2000, 29), and second, “as a matter of engaging in the ever-developing process of using reading and writing as tools for thinking and learning, in order to expand one’s understanding of oneself and the world” (40). This involves paying careful attention to language, while also developing a critical awareness of the relationships between texts, images, discourse conventions and sociocultural and digital contexts.
In sum, and in consonance with Kern and other scholars such as the NLG (1996), Steve Kucer (2014), Maria Brisk (2015), Paesani et al. (2016) and Shari Tishman (2018), we define literacy as a dynamic and multidimensional concept whose main aim is to provide twenty-first-century learners with the language skills, visual thinking strategies and dialogic attitudes that are necessary to develop the knowledge that allows them to grasp and evaluate information, organize ideas, exchange perspectives, construct meaning and reflect critically on a variety of sociocultural contexts. In order to foster such a multidimensional approach to literacy in EFL and implement it as an organizing principle (Kress 2010; Serafini 2014), it is necessary that teachers become acquainted with the three dimensions that both Kern (2000) and Kucer (2014) acknowledge as the key components: a) cognitive; b) conceptual; and c) sociocultural.
These dimensions constitute a field of forces that complement one another and are equally important in the process of both teaching and learning, and they also illustrate the multiple facets and fluid nature of literacy.
Adapted from: FERNÁNDEZ, Teresa; REYES-TORRES, Agustín; FERNÁNDEZ, Pilar. A multimodal approach to foster the multiliteracies pedagogy in the English as a Foreign Language context. ATLANTIS: Journal of the Spanish Association of Anglo-American Studies, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 94–119, 2020. Available at: https://www.atlantisjournal.org/index.php/atlantis/article/view/741. Accessed on: Mar. 21, 2025.
