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ID 7503 Direito Constitucional Direitos Individuais CEBRASPE 2025

A respeito dos direitos e das garantias fundamentais, assinale a opção correta.

A Os tratados internacionais sobre direitos humanos em que o Brasil seja parte terão força constitucional, independentemente de sua forma de aprovação.
B O mandado de segurança destina-se a proteger qualquer direito líquido e certo quando o responsável pela ilegalidade ou pelo abuso de poder for autoridade pública ou agente de pessoa jurídica no exercício de atribuições do poder público.
C A Constituição Federal de 1988 estabelece que o aviso prévio, direito do trabalhador urbano e rural, deve ser proporcional ao tempo de serviço, sendo, no mínimo, de trinta dias, nos termos da lei.
D As atividades de associações só poderão ser suspensas por decisão judicial transitada em julgado.
E O Ministério Público é legitimado para propor ação popular que vise à anulação de ato lesivo ao patrimônio público.
ID 7502 Direito Constitucional Direitos Políticos CEBRASPE 2025

Mike nasceu em Nova Jersey (EUA), filho de mãe estadunidense e pai brasileiro, que, à época, estava a serviço do Brasil no consulado brasileiro em Nova Iorque. Atualmente, Mike tem 25 anos de idade e cumpre todas as demais condições de elegibilidade estabelecidas na Constituição Federal de 1988 (CF). Nessa situação hipotética, conforme os direitos fundamentais previstos na CF, Mike

A não poderá ser candidato a prefeito nas próximas eleições municipais, mas poderá ser candidato a deputado estadual ou distrital nas próximas eleições gerais.
B poderá ser candidato a senador da República nas próximas eleições gerais, mas, caso eleito, não poderá ser presidente do Senado Federal, pois não é brasileiro nato.
C não poderá ser candidato a deputado federal nas próximas eleições gerais, pois não é brasileiro nato.
D poderá candidatar-se ao cargo de governador de estado ou do Distrito Federal nas próximas eleições gerais e, caso eleito, poderá exercê-lo.
E poderá ser candidato a deputado federal nas próximas eleições gerais e, caso eleito pelo voto popular, poderá exercer o cargo de presidente da Câmara dos Deputados após eleição por seus pares.
ID 7501 Direito Constitucional Poder Executivo CEBRASPE 2025

Assinale a opção correta a respeito das atribuições e responsabilidades do presidente da República.

A O Presidente da República pode dispor, mediante decreto, acerca da organização e funcionamento da administração federal, podendo criar ou extinguir órgãos públicos, desde que não implique aumento de despesa.
B Na vigência de seu mandato, o presidente da República não pode ser responsabilizado por atos estranhos ao exercício de suas funções.
C As atribuições do presidente da República são indelegáveis, haja vista o exercício das funções de chefe de Estado e chefe de governo.
D O presidente da República, ao responder por crime de responsabilidade, ficará suspenso de suas funções a partir do recebimento da denúncia pelo STF.
E O presidente da República, na vigência de seu mandato, somente poderá ser preso em flagrante de crime inafiançável.
ID 7500 Direito Constitucional Poder Legislativo CEBRASPE 2025

Em relação ao processo legislativo e às comissões parlamentares de inquérito (CPI), assinale a opção correta.

A As CPI podem propor ação de improbidade administrativa na hipótese de suas conclusões apresentarem desvios praticados por gestores públicos.
B A matéria constante de proposta de emenda à Constituição rejeitada ou havida por prejudicada somente pode ser objeto de nova proposta na mesma sessão legislativa mediante iniciativa da maioria absoluta dos membros de qualquer das casas do Congresso Nacional.
C Caso o veto presidencial a projeto de lei (PL) seja rejeitado pela maioria absoluta dos deputados e senadores em sessão conjunta, o PL será encaminhado ao presidente da República, para promulgação.
D As CPI têm os mesmos poderes de investigação das autoridades judiciais, motivo por que podem determinar interceptação telefônica.
E As CPI devem ter prazo certo de duração, porém há a possibilidade de prorrogação de seus trabalhos, os quais poderão ultrapassar os limites da legislatura.
ID 11866 Inglês Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension CEBRASPE 2024
Texto associado
Sociologists have, until recently, tended to avoid technology. This began to change significantly in the late 1980s with the growth and development of both (physical) IT and the (social) debate surrounding it. In a broad sense, sociologists of technology are concerned with explaining how social processes, actions and structures relate to technology; and in this are concerned with developing critiques of notions of technological determinism. The theories and concepts which have been developed are increasingly recognised as of value to technologists, notably in the area of information system design. Technological determinism is the notion that technological development is autonomous of society; it shapes society, but is not reciprocally influenced. Rather, it exists outside society, but at the same time influences social change. In more extreme varieties of technological determinism, the technology is seen as the most significant determinant of the nature of a society. What is remarkable about the notion of technological determinism is neither its theoretical sophistication nor its explanatory utility. It is important because it is “the single most influential theory of the relationship between technology and society”, according to MacKenzie and Wajcman (1985). The reality, of course, is that technologies do not, in practice, follow some pre-determined course of development. Research and development decisions, for example, are significant determinants of the sorts of technologies which are developed. Also, although technologies clearly have impacts, the nature of these is not built into the technology, but varies from one culture to another, depending on a broad range of social, political and economic factors. Hughie Mackay. Theorising the IT/Society Relationship . In: HEAP, N. et al. (eds) Information technology and society : a reader. London: Sage Publications, 1996 (adapted)

In the last sentence of the text, the fragment “although technologies clearly have impacts” establishes a contrast with the following segment of the sentence.

A Certo
B Errado
ID 11865 Inglês Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension CEBRASPE 2024
Texto associado
Sociologists have, until recently, tended to avoid technology. This began to change significantly in the late 1980s with the growth and development of both (physical) IT and the (social) debate surrounding it. In a broad sense, sociologists of technology are concerned with explaining how social processes, actions and structures relate to technology; and in this are concerned with developing critiques of notions of technological determinism. The theories and concepts which have been developed are increasingly recognised as of value to technologists, notably in the area of information system design. Technological determinism is the notion that technological development is autonomous of society; it shapes society, but is not reciprocally influenced. Rather, it exists outside society, but at the same time influences social change. In more extreme varieties of technological determinism, the technology is seen as the most significant determinant of the nature of a society. What is remarkable about the notion of technological determinism is neither its theoretical sophistication nor its explanatory utility. It is important because it is “the single most influential theory of the relationship between technology and society”, according to MacKenzie and Wajcman (1985). The reality, of course, is that technologies do not, in practice, follow some pre-determined course of development. Research and development decisions, for example, are significant determinants of the sorts of technologies which are developed. Also, although technologies clearly have impacts, the nature of these is not built into the technology, but varies from one culture to another, depending on a broad range of social, political and economic factors. Hughie Mackay. Theorising the IT/Society Relationship . In: HEAP, N. et al. (eds) Information technology and society : a reader. London: Sage Publications, 1996 (adapted)

The author regards technological determinism as a correct way to explain the relationship between technology and society.

A Certo
B Errado
ID 11864 Inglês Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension CEBRASPE 2024
Texto associado
Sociologists have, until recently, tended to avoid technology. This began to change significantly in the late 1980s with the growth and development of both (physical) IT and the (social) debate surrounding it. In a broad sense, sociologists of technology are concerned with explaining how social processes, actions and structures relate to technology; and in this are concerned with developing critiques of notions of technological determinism. The theories and concepts which have been developed are increasingly recognised as of value to technologists, notably in the area of information system design. Technological determinism is the notion that technological development is autonomous of society; it shapes society, but is not reciprocally influenced. Rather, it exists outside society, but at the same time influences social change. In more extreme varieties of technological determinism, the technology is seen as the most significant determinant of the nature of a society. What is remarkable about the notion of technological determinism is neither its theoretical sophistication nor its explanatory utility. It is important because it is “the single most influential theory of the relationship between technology and society”, according to MacKenzie and Wajcman (1985). The reality, of course, is that technologies do not, in practice, follow some pre-determined course of development. Research and development decisions, for example, are significant determinants of the sorts of technologies which are developed. Also, although technologies clearly have impacts, the nature of these is not built into the technology, but varies from one culture to another, depending on a broad range of social, political and economic factors. Hughie Mackay. Theorising the IT/Society Relationship . In: HEAP, N. et al. (eds) Information technology and society : a reader. London: Sage Publications, 1996 (adapted)

The word “nor” (fourth sentence of the second paragraph) could be correctly replaced with or , without harming the grammatical correctness of the text.

A Certo
B Errado
ID 11863 Inglês Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension CEBRASPE 2024
Texto associado
Sociologists have, until recently, tended to avoid technology. This began to change significantly in the late 1980s with the growth and development of both (physical) IT and the (social) debate surrounding it. In a broad sense, sociologists of technology are concerned with explaining how social processes, actions and structures relate to technology; and in this are concerned with developing critiques of notions of technological determinism. The theories and concepts which have been developed are increasingly recognised as of value to technologists, notably in the area of information system design. Technological determinism is the notion that technological development is autonomous of society; it shapes society, but is not reciprocally influenced. Rather, it exists outside society, but at the same time influences social change. In more extreme varieties of technological determinism, the technology is seen as the most significant determinant of the nature of a society. What is remarkable about the notion of technological determinism is neither its theoretical sophistication nor its explanatory utility. It is important because it is “the single most influential theory of the relationship between technology and society”, according to MacKenzie and Wajcman (1985). The reality, of course, is that technologies do not, in practice, follow some pre-determined course of development. Research and development decisions, for example, are significant determinants of the sorts of technologies which are developed. Also, although technologies clearly have impacts, the nature of these is not built into the technology, but varies from one culture to another, depending on a broad range of social, political and economic factors. Hughie Mackay. Theorising the IT/Society Relationship . In: HEAP, N. et al. (eds) Information technology and society : a reader. London: Sage Publications, 1996 (adapted)

It is correct to infer from the last paragraph of the text that the author believes human decisions are factors to be considered when determining which technologies should be developed.

A Certo
B Errado
ID 11862 Inglês Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension CEBRASPE 2024
Texto associado
Sociologists have, until recently, tended to avoid technology. This began to change significantly in the late 1980s with the growth and development of both (physical) IT and the (social) debate surrounding it. In a broad sense, sociologists of technology are concerned with explaining how social processes, actions and structures relate to technology; and in this are concerned with developing critiques of notions of technological determinism. The theories and concepts which have been developed are increasingly recognised as of value to technologists, notably in the area of information system design. Technological determinism is the notion that technological development is autonomous of society; it shapes society, but is not reciprocally influenced. Rather, it exists outside society, but at the same time influences social change. In more extreme varieties of technological determinism, the technology is seen as the most significant determinant of the nature of a society. What is remarkable about the notion of technological determinism is neither its theoretical sophistication nor its explanatory utility. It is important because it is “the single most influential theory of the relationship between technology and society”, according to MacKenzie and Wajcman (1985). The reality, of course, is that technologies do not, in practice, follow some pre-determined course of development. Research and development decisions, for example, are significant determinants of the sorts of technologies which are developed. Also, although technologies clearly have impacts, the nature of these is not built into the technology, but varies from one culture to another, depending on a broad range of social, political and economic factors. Hughie Mackay. Theorising the IT/Society Relationship . In: HEAP, N. et al. (eds) Information technology and society : a reader. London: Sage Publications, 1996 (adapted)

In the second sentence of the second paragraph, the word “Rather” introduces a further explanation about technological development, and could be, without jeopardizing the coherence of the text, correctly replaced with More properly speaking.

A Certo
B Errado